Award: OCE-1829686

Bermuda has long been a key sampling location for numerous studies of the marine environment, including the marine atmosphere. Measurements of various chemicals in the atmosphere over the North Atlantic Ocean have been made on Bermuda since the mid-1970s. Longer term measurements of air and rain chemistry began in the early 1980?s, and in 1987 a 70? walk-up tower was erected at Tudor Hill, Bermuda, as part of the Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE), an international long-term study of the atmospheric transport of aerosols and gases in the North Atlantic region. This facility is one of only a few marine atmospheric observatories that exist worldwide and it provides the ability to make year-round, complex measurements of the atmosphere over the ocean without the use of a research ship or buoy moorings. Since March 2003, with support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the Bermuda Institute for Ocean Sciences (BIOS) has been operating the Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory as a research facility for activities conducted by BIOS and other US and international scientists. The facility consists of the tower, a habitation unit providing dining and study areas, and two laboratory containers: one housing instrumentation and data facilities and the second providing laboratory facilities for sample handling. During this award period, the facility was utilized by researchers from NOAA and NASA for support of long-term monitoring programs studying the chemistry and physics of the remote marine atmosphere, by a US defense contractor, and by researchers from Canada, Norway, and the United Kingdom. In addition, a new research program was instigated to collect rainwater samples for contribution to the US National Atmospheric Deposition Program, which uses a network of sites and collaborators to provide a long-term record of rainwater chemistry across North America. The successful operation of the BIOS Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory has ensured the continued availability and use of the facility by a diverse range of US and international scientists and agencies. Last Modified: 07/31/2023 Submitted by: Andrew J Peters