Water for incubation was collected via Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette, equipped with a CTD. Bulk water was collected into an acid washed 50 mL Falcon tube directly from niskin bottles.
Isotopically diluted L-[3,4,5-3H(N)]-Leucine (Revvity, NET460250UC, specific activity of 3.811 TBq/mmol) was added to 1.7ml triplicate subsamples and one TCA killed control (20 nM final concentration). Samples and killed control were incubated between 5 and 48 hours at nearly in-situ temperature or 4°C. Following incubation, live samples were killed with 100% (w/v) TCA and all samples were centrifuged (10,000 rpm at 4°C for 10 min) to pelletize cell material. The supernatant liquid was removed and 1 mL of ice cold 5% (w/v) TCA solution was added, followed by vortex mixing and centrifugation. Supernatant removal, mixing, and centrifugation were repeated using 1 mL of ice cold 80% ethanol solution. Again, the supernatant liquid was removed and each sample was left to dry in a hood overnight. After drying, 1 mL of scintillation cocktail (ScintiSafe 30% Cocktail, Fisher SX23-5) was added and left overnight so that precipitated proteins dissolve into scintillation fluid. Incorporated radioactivity was measured using a PerkinElmer Tri-Carb 2910TR LSA scintillation counter. Radioactivity was compared to 1 mL of scintillation cocktail spiked with an identical amount of isotopically diluted L-[3,4,5-3H(N)]-Leucine that was added to samples. Incorporation rate was calculated by dividing sample radioactivity by incubation time.